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Описание: Boris Souvarine Papers - Soviet Russia Photos graduateinstitute.ch/home/research/library/archives/boris... Notes: This picture is a reproduction of a portrait made by Yury Annenkov of Grigori Zinoviev (1883-1936). Grigori Zinoviev was a Soviet Communist politician. A close friend of Lenin, with whom he shared exile in Switzerland (1903; 1908-1910; 1914-1917), he came back to Russia with Lenin in the aftermath of the February Revolution. He became head of the Communist International (1919-1926) and played a major role in the failed attempts to install communism in Germany in the early 1920s. Appointed a full member of the Politburo in 1921, he was one of the main Bolshevik leaders during Lenin’s illness and joined the tro"ika with Stalin and Lev Kamenev. The struggle for power led to the crumbling of the triumvirate: an opponent of Stalin’s bolshevization of sections of the Comintern, he was dismissed from the Politburo in 1926, and lost the presidency of the Comintern the same year. Following a public self-criticism, he was reinstated in the Party under Stalin’s control. He was expelled from the Party a second time in 1932, then again in 1934. He disappeared in August 1936, to reappear with Lev Kamenev at the first major public trial of the “old Bolsheviks”. His execution marked the beginning of the Great Purge. He was married to Zlata (or Zinaida) Ionova Lilina (1881-1929), a Bolshevik involved in child care and education (see the photo entitled “Group of delegates to the IIIrd International at Pavlovsk Palace…”). To find out more about Yury Annenkov, please see the photo entitled "Portrait of Lenin by Yuri Annenkov, Moscow (1921)". To find out more about Lev Kamenev, please see the photo entitled "Portrait of Lev Kamenev by Yuri Annenkov [s.d.]". Description: 1 reproduction of picture. Black and white ; 27 x 15.5 cm. Sources and further reading: Lazic, Branko M., and Milorad M. Drachkovitch. 1973. Biographical dictionary of the Comintern. Stanford, Calif: Hoover Institution Press, pp. 454-457.

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